单季秸秆还田配施沼液对麦－玉轮作土壤团聚体特征和有机碳组分的影响

Effects of Single-season Straw Incorporation Combined with Biogas Slurry on Soil Aggregate Characteristics and Organic Carbon Fractions in Wheat-maize Rotation Farmland

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 为探究作物秸秆和畜禽粪便厌氧发酵残余物在快速改善土壤结构、持续提升土壤碳汇方面的作用，明确单季秸秆还田配施沼液对麦－玉轮作农田土壤团聚体特征和有机碳组分的影响。
    方法 根据等碳量原则，设置单施沼液、小麦或玉米秸秆还田、小麦或玉米秸秆还田配施沼液、以及无还田对照等6种处理。连续进行3年田间试验后，采集0 ~ 20 cm表层土壤进行水稳性团聚体分级，开展土壤有机碳组分测定和土壤碳库管理指数计算。
    结果 各有机物料还田均显著提升> 0.25 mm粒径大团聚体质量组成比例（WR0.25）、提高总有机碳和易氧化有机碳含量，其中小麦秸秆还田配施沼液团聚体WR0.25、平均重量直径（MWD）和几何平均直径（GMD）最高，分别为81.36%、2.01 mm和1.21 mm，较单施沼液或单季秸秆还田分别增加5.14%、27.10%和30.10%，0.07% ~ 18.46%、26.42% ~ 50.00%和22.22% ~ 77.94%，但是分形维数（D）最低(2.35)，较单施沼液或单季秸秆还田降低3.29%和4.25%；同时，该条件下土壤总有机碳及活性有机碳含量最高，分别为26.12 g kg−1和3.38 g kg−1。此外，各有机物料还田均显著增加土壤碳库指数，其中单施小麦秸秆土壤碳库活度（A）和碳库活度指数（AI）最高，分别为0.15和1.48，分别较单施沼液和单季秸秆还田分别增加25.00%和33.33%， 20.80% ~ 38.1%和16.66% ~ 77.45%；小麦秸秆还田配施沼液土壤碳库管理指数（CPMI）最高(207.39)。
    结论 开展小麦秸秆与沼液配合还田有助于改善土壤结构、增加农田土壤有机碳含量、提升土壤活性有机碳比例和碳库管理指数，实现农业可持续发展。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The aims were to explore the effects of crop straw and liquid residues from anaerobic fermentation of livestock manure on improving soil structure and enhancing soil carbon sequestration capacity, single season straw incorporation combined with biogas slurry on soil aggregates and organic carbon fractions was conducted in wheat-maize rotation farmland of North China Plain.
    Method Based on the equal carbon content principle, six treatments were designed, including single biogas slurry, wheat or maize straw incorporation, wheat or maize straw incorporation combined with biogas slurry, as well as blank control without organic materials input. Soil samples from topsoil within 20 cm was collected following 3-year duration to determine the mass proportion of water stable aggregate and the contents of total organic carbon (TOC) and labile organic carbon (LOC), and to compare the changes of soil aggregate stability and carbon pool management indices (CPMI).
    Result These results revealed that the mass proportion of water stable aggregates (≥0.25 mm, WR0.25), TOC and LOC contents were significantly increased. Among wheat straw incorporation combined with biogas slurry had the highest WR0.25 at 81.36%, mean weight diameter (MWD) at 2.01 mm and geometric mean diameter (GMD) at 1.21 mm, increased by 5.14%, 27.1% and 30.1% compared with single biogas slurry, and by 0.07% ~ 18.46%, 26.42% ~ 50.00% and 22.22% ~ 77.94% compared with the single season of straw returning. While the fractal dimension (D) was the lowest (2.35), decrease by 3.29% and 4.25% compared to the single biogas slurry or the single season of straw returning. The highest levels of TOC and LOC was obtained in the same treatment (26.12 g kg−1 and 3.38 g kg−1). Soil carbon pool activity (A) and carbon pool activity index (AL) in the wheat straw incorporation treatment were 0.15 and 1.48, which were 15.38% and 18.85% increased than single biogas slurry compared with single-season straw returning, the increases were 20.80% ~ 38.1% and 16.66% ~ 77.45%. Wheat straw incorporation coupled with biogas slurry also had the highest soil CPMI (207.39).
    Conclusion Therefore, applied wheat straw combined with biogas slurry could not only improve soil structure, increase soil organic carbon content, but also enhance active organic carbon ratio and carbon pool management index, resulting in a dual effect of agricultural waste recycling and agricultural sustainable development.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(65)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回