Abstract: Loessial Soil is the foundation for food security and high-quality ecological environment development in the Loess Plateau region. At this pivotal stage of China’s ongoing national soil survey, the classification system of Loessial Soil has become a fundamental basis for evaluating agricultural land suitability and planning ecological environments in the Loess Plateau region. Based on a systematic synthesis of the genesis, distribution and pedogenic processes of Loessial Soil in China, this paper reviewed the classification systems and their evolution proposed during past soil surveys, and discussed the issues within the current classification system for Loessial Soil formulated during the present soil survey phase. Recommendations for refining its classification on subgroups, soil senera, and soil species grades were proposed. The necessity for comprehensive investigations integrating systematic pedogenic environments, processes, genetic characteristics, profile features and practical production experience were emphasized. An approach was essential to establish a scientifically sound and practically applicable classification system for Loessial Soil.