不同热解温度制备的烟秆生物炭理化特征分析

徐亮; 于晓娜; 李雪利; 王悦霖; 宋佳倩; 叶协锋; 卢剑

doi:10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2020050701

不同热解温度制备的烟秆生物炭理化特征分析

doi: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2020050701

1.
河南农业大学烟草学院，国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地，烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，河南郑州 450002
2.
中国烟草总公司职工进修学院，河南郑州 450008
3.
四川省烟草公司凉山州公司西昌分公司，四川西昌 615000

基金项目: 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目（30800665）、河南省烟草公司资助项目（HYKJ201301）和重庆市烟草公司资助项目（NY20140401070010）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
徐亮：徐　亮（1992−），男，河南郑州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为烟草栽培生理生化。E-mail: 273868659@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail: lujian617952@126.com

中图分类号: X53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-07
- 修回日期: 2020-08-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-05

Physico-chemical Characteristics of Biochars Prepared by Pyrolysis of Tobacco-stalk under Different Temperatures

1.
Tobacco Science College of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2.
China Tobacco Corporation Staff Training College, Zhengzhou 450008, China
3.
Xichang Branch of Liangshan Prefecture company of Sichuan tobacco company, Xichang 615000, China

摘要

摘要: 分别对100 ~ 800 ℃下于马弗炉中低氧炭化制备的烟秆生物炭进行研究，分析其基础理化性质的变化。结果表明，烟草秸秆生物炭微量元素含量在热解温度为100 ~ 400 ℃时呈逐渐上升的趋势，在400 ~ 500 ℃时较为稳定；大量元素含量增加；C含量和N元素含量在100 ~ 300 ℃时逐渐增加，在400 ~ 800 ℃时先增加后下降，C/N在300 ~ 500 ℃时较为稳定。随着热解温度的升高，烟草秸秆生物炭表面水分子、甲基和亚甲基等官能团减少，C＝C含量逐渐增多；烟草秸秆生物炭的BET比表面积、孔径、比孔容均在400 ~ 500 ℃时较大。烟草秸秆生物炭的中孔较多，孔隙内部特征多为墨水瓶状孔。热解温度为400 ~ 500 ℃时，烟杆生物炭大量和微量元素含量相对较高，C/N较为稳定，孔隙结构最为复杂。
- 烟秆 /
- 生物炭 /
- 热解温度 /
- 物理特征 /
- 化学特性
Abstract: The tobacco stalk was carbonized under different temperatures from 100 ℃ to 800 ℃, and then the basic physical and chemical properties of biochars were measured. The results showed that the mineral micro-element contents of tobacco-stalk biochar were increased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature at 100-400 ℃ and kept relatively stable at 400-500 ℃. Mineral macro-element contents were showed overall an increased trend with the pyrolysis temperature rise. The contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were increased gradually from 100 ℃ to 300 ℃ and then were declined from 400 ℃ to 800 ℃, and the C/N ratio was relatively stable at 300-500 ℃. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, surface functional groups of tobacco-stalk biochar get condensed and its aromatization degree was heightened. With the pyrolysis temperature rise, the porosity of tobacco-stalk biochar was increased first and then decreased. The BET specific surface area, pore size and pore volume of tobacco-stalk biochar were the highest at 400-500 ℃. The mesopores were the main type of pores in tobacco-stalk biochar and mainly consisted of ink-bottle-like pores. The tobacco-stalk-biochar had higher macro- and micro elements, stable C/N, and complex pore structure at 400-500 ℃.
- Tobacco-stalk /
- Biochar /
- Pyrolysis temperature /
- Physical property /
- Chemical property

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图 1 烟草秸秆生物炭的红外吸收光谱

Figure 1. Infrared absorption spectra of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

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图 2 烟草秸秆生物炭氮气吸附-脱附等温线

Figure 2. Adsorption isotherms of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

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图 3 烟秆生物炭比孔容分布曲线

Figure 3. Specific pore volume distribution of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

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图 4 烟秆生物炭比表面积分布曲线

Figure 4. Specific area distribution of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

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表 1 烟秆生物炭大量和中量矿质元素随热解温度的变化

Table 1. Mineral macro-elements and middle-elements of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

热解温度（℃） Temperature	磷 Phosphorus (mg g⁻¹)	钾 Potassium (mg g⁻¹)	钙 Calcium (mg g⁻¹)	镁 Magnesium (mg g⁻¹)
100	1.123 d	10.44 c d	14.05 e	1.50 d
200	2.786 d	26.54 d	26.56 d e	3.11 d
300	4.941 c	54.11 c	42.45 d	5.09 c
400	9.346 b	113.25 b	97.18 b	9.87 b
500	10.707 b	116.68 b	97.18 b	12.27 b
600	10.178 b	140.23 a	104.84 b	10.57 b
700	7.715 b c	112.58 b	80.19 c	7.43 c
800	18.209 a	115.86 b	202.43 a	22.01 a
注：每组同列的不同字母表示0.05 显著水平。下同。

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表 2 烟秆生物炭微量矿质元素随热解温度的变化

Table 2. Mineral micro-elements of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

热解温度（℃） Temperature	硼 Boron (mg g⁻¹)	铁 Iron (mg g⁻¹)	锰 Manganese (mg g⁻¹)	锌 Zinc (mg g⁻¹)
100	0.013 c d	0.125 d e	0.008 d	0.016 d
200	0.015 c d	0.361 d	0.026 c	0.030 c d
300	0.019 c	0.285 d	0.047 b	0.055 c
400	0.010 d	0.821 bc	0.090 a	0.091 b
500	0.011 d	1.152 b	0.090 a	0.090 b
600	0.067 a	0.946 b	0.095 a	0.094 b
700	0.040 b	0.811 b c	0.065 b	0.064 c
800 ℃	0.020 c	1.862 a	0.236 c	0.140 b
注：每组同列的不同字母表示0.05显著水平。下同。

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表 3 烟秆生物炭C、N元素含量随热解温度的变化

Table 3. Contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

热解温度（℃） Temperature	碳(%) C	氮(%) N	C/N
100	36.89 a b	2.40 b	15.36 a
200	41.00 a	3.56 a	11.50 b
300	41.01 a	3.80 a	10.80 b
400	23.97 b	2.22 b	10.77 b
500	15.22 c	1.43 c	10.64 b
600	7.55 d	0.84 d	9.01 b c
700	6.64 d	0.79 d	8.43 b c
800	3.49 e	0.71 d	4.95 d

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表 4 烟秆生物炭的比表面积和孔结构参数

Table 4. Specific surface area and pore structure parameters of tobacco-stalk biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures

热解温度 Temperature （℃）	BET比表面积 BET specific surface area (m² g⁻¹)	比孔容 Specific pore volume (cm³ g⁻¹)	平均孔径 Average poresize (nm)	t-Plot微孔比表面积 t-Plot micropore specific surface area (m² g⁻¹)	中孔比表面积 Mesopore specific surface area (m² g⁻¹)	中孔孔容 Mesopore pore volume (cm³ g⁻¹)
100	0.824	0.001	1.847	0.146	0.370	0.002
200	1.619	0.003	1.847	0.286	0.928	0.005
300	2.880	0.005	1.766	0.800	1.522	0.008
400	6.072	0.009	2.769	0.955	3.294	0.011
500	6.849	0.011	4.543	0.579	4.477	0.015
600	5.269	0.008	3.794	−	3.491	0.014
700	4.659	0.008	3.694	−	3.294	0.011
800	1.199	0.003	5.439	−	1.046	0.004
注:“−”未检测到数值。

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表 5 烟秆生物炭孔隙参数的相关性分析

Table 5. Correlation analysis of tobacco-stalk biochar pore parameters

	温度 Temperature	比表面积 Specific surface area	孔径 Pore size	比孔容 Specific pore volume
温度	1	0.321	0.900^**	0.416
比表面积	0.321	1	0.308	0.989^**
孔径	0.900^**	0.308	1	0.393
比孔容	0.416	0.989^**	0.393	1
注:“−”未检测到数值。

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