Abstract: 【Objective】 Understanding the relationship between the application of a soil ameliorant to paddy fields and soda salinized meadow soil is crucial to investigate the mechanism of improving soda salinization meadow soil in paddy field. 【Method】 The effect and mechanism of the modified soda salinized meadow soil were studied by rice cultivation field experiment. The bacterial diversity and community composition of soil were analyzed with the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing method. The conventional fertilization (CK) and CK + soil ameliorant (T) were used in field experiments. 【Result】 The T treatment enhanced the yield of rice by 124.4% (P < 0.01), increased the proportion of different water stable aggregate size, reduced soil exchangeable sodium, however, increased soil electric conductivity compared with the CK. The results showed that a total of 286, 528 effective readings were obtained. The number of OTUs was7, 539 and 6, 343 in the conventional fertilization (CK) treatment and in the soil ameliorant (T) treatment, respectively. The T treatment substantially reduced the Chao and ACA indices, but increased the Shannon index. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Acinetobacter, Ramlibacter, Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas, Cesiribacter, Cupriavidus, Bradyrhizobium, were higher in the T treatment than those in the CK treatment, while T treatment significantly decreased the abundance of Gemmatimonadetes, Gemmatimonas, Luteimonas and Lysobacter compared with CK treatment. The result of RDA showed that the application of soil ameliorant improved the physical properties of salinization soil, increased the relative abundances of Pseudomonas, Cupriavidus and Bradyrhizobium. 【Conclusion】 This study deeply understood the excavation and utilization of microbial resources were helpful to the improvement of soda salinized meadow soil.