Abstract: Soil pollution has been becoming more and more serious in recent years. At this stage, it is urgent to develop efficient and economic soil remediation technology to achieve sustainable use of soil. In this context, the green and environment-friendly bioremediation technology has broad prospects for development. In order to understand the research status, research focus and development trend of soil microbial remediation, 6171 articles in this field from January 2001 to May 2020 were measured and visualized by Web of Science database. The results showed that the importance of soil microbial remediation in the world was gradually increasing, its development trend was good and was on the rise in the future. At present, European countries carried out the research on soil microbial remediation earlier, and developing countries were becoming the main research force. Through the analysis of key words, the remediation of heavy metal pollution, the change of microbial community structure, the control of environmental factors and the degradation mechanism were the hot spots in remediation process. In the future, soil microbial remediation will tend to be combined with other remediation to achieve better remediation effect.