Abstract: Soil heavy metal speciation analysis is of great significance for soil pollution remediation. This study summarized the common methods for heavy metal analysis and investigated the transformation between the heavy metal Cd classified by Tessier five step continuous extraction method. Furthermore, the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on Cd forms were further summarized. The results showed that the exchangeable Cd was presented a large proportion, a high ability of migration and more harmful to organisms. Therefore, exchangeable Cd can be transformed into residual Cd by changing soil physical and chemical properties such as soil pH value, colloid content and soil redox conditions, so as to reduce the toxic impact of Cd on organisms. The purpose of this paper is to deepen readers’ understanding of soil Cd pollution, and to provide reference for the treatment and remediation of soil Cd pollution.