Abstract: The facing problems are the depletion of high-grade phosphate ore and unfavorable development of medium and low-grade phosphorite due to the difficulty of flotation technology and high enrichment cost in China. Mechanochemical activation technology is an important means to improve the availability of medium and low-grade phosphorite. It has become a hot issue in the sustainable utilization of phosphorite resources in China. However, it has not formed the intact theoretical system at present due to the late research and application of this technology in China. The research and development progress of mechanochemical activation technology in medium and low-grade phosphorite are summarized at home and abroad in this paper, in order to provide new research ideas and means for the development and utilization of medium and low-grade phosphorite deposits in China.