盐碱土耐盐碱细菌筛选及其植物促生能力研究

Isolation for Plant-growth Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria from Alkali-saline Soil

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  为寻找耐盐碱促生细菌资源。
      方法  采用传统定向筛选培养基培养、摇瓶培养和16S rDNA鉴定的方法，自盐碱土筛选细菌并对其促生特性进行测定。
      结果  筛选得到具有促生特性的细菌14株；其中，不动杆菌属6株，肠杆菌属3株，假单胞菌属5株。在筛选出的14株细菌，均具有解钾能力，培养液速效钾含量与对照12.86 ± 0.30 mg L−相比增加16.24 ~ 36.21 mg L−1；12株细菌具有溶磷能力，培养液磷含量对照组为0.8 ± 0.1 mg L−1，接种细菌菌株的为59.1 ~ 233.2 mg L−1，培养基pH值由6.86 ± 0.34下降至4.06 ~ 5.69，线性相关分析表明溶磷培养液磷含量与培养液pH值呈负相关；7株细菌具有产植物生长激素吲哚乙酸（IAA）能力，在底物色氨酸（L-Trp）浓度为500 mg L−1时产IAA能力为5.57 ~ 21.11 mg L−1·OD600；9株细菌具有产铁载体能力，能力最强的Su值达到95%。14株细菌均能在pH值为8、NaCl浓度为0.5 mol L−1的培养液中生长；有4株能在NaCl浓度为1.5 mol L−1培养基中生长，且B1421生长良好；有5株细菌可在pH为10的培养基中生长，为B2222生长最为良好。
      结论  松嫩平原盐碱土中存在具有不同促生能力的细菌，能够耐受高pH值和较高NaCl含量的胁迫，是可供以耐盐碱植物利用改良盐碱土的菌株资源。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  The excellent bacteria of promoting plant growth were selected from alkalic saline soil.
      Method  Traditional directional screening medium culture, shaking flask culture and 16S rDNA identification were used to screen and identify the plant-growth promoting capability of bacteria.
      Result  Fourteen strains of bacteria with plant-growth promoting capability were selected from typical alkali-saline soil in Songnen Plain, China. Six strains of Acinetobacter, 13 strains of Enterobacter and 5 strains of Pseudomonas were identified by 16S rDNA. Among them, 14 strains had the capability of dissolving potassium (K), and the increase of available K was 16.24-36.21 mg L−1. Among them, 12 strains had the capabilities of dissolving phosphorus (P), and the soluble P contents in the culture medium were 59.1-233.2 mg L−1. The pH value of the medium decreased to 4.06-5.69. The linear relationship analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the soluble P content and the pH value in the culture medium. Seven strains of bacteria had the capabilities to produce plant-growth hormone (IAA). When the concentration of substrate tryptophan (L-Trp) was 500 mg L−1, the production capacity of IAA was 5.57-21.11 mg L−1·OD600. Nine strains of bacteria have the capabilities to produce iron carrier, and the highest Su value is 95%. The results showed that all the strains could tolerate the medium with pH = 8 and NaCl concentration of 0.5 mol L−1. When the salt concentration was 1.5 mol L−1, 4 strains could grow, and B1421 grew the best. When pH value was 10, 5 strains of bacteria could grow and B2222 grew the best.
      Conclusion  The results showed that the bacteria screened from the saline alkali soil in Songnen Plain had a variety of different plant-growth promoting capabilities, and they could tolerate certain pH value and salinity, which would provide excellent strains for improving saline alkali soil.

     

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