外包木霉内含芽孢杆菌颗粒生物有机肥研制及其促生效应

张思奇; 刘红军; 沈宗专; 李荣; 沈其荣

doi:10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021050903

外包木霉内含芽孢杆菌颗粒生物有机肥研制及其促生效应

Development of Granular Compound Bioorganic Fertilizer with Bacillus Inside and Trichoderma Outside and Its Growth Promotion Effect

摘要

摘要:
目的利用造粒喷涂技术，研制了外包木霉菌内含芽孢杆菌（SQR9）的颗粒复合菌生物有机肥，以辣椒为供试作物，利用盆栽试验，研究了新型生物有机肥对辣椒植株株高、茎粗、叶绿素等农艺性状的影响。
方法首先利用圆盘造粒机将有机肥、芽孢杆菌和适量粘合剂制成颗粒芽孢杆菌生物有机肥，随后，再将真菌木霉孢子喷涂颗粒表面，利用第一次添加的粘结剂形成外包真菌孢子膜的新型颗粒复合菌生物有机肥。
结果货架期试验结果表明，颗粒肥料中木霉菌比粉状肥料存活能力更强，在储存60天后，新型颗粒复合菌生物有机肥中木霉菌含量大于2 × 10⁷ cfu g⁻¹，芽孢杆菌数量大于1.2 × 10⁸ cfu g⁻¹。盆栽试验结果表明，在种植47天后，施用新型颗粒复合菌生物有机肥的辣椒植株在株高、茎粗、叶绿素、鲜重和干重方面均高于其他处理（含SQR9颗粒生物有机肥、含SQR9和木霉菌的粉状生物有机肥、含木霉菌颗粒生物有机肥和含SQR9和木霉菌的颗粒生物有机肥处理），表明了该新型颗粒复合菌生物有机肥对辣椒具有明显的促生效果。
结论相比于单菌和其他工艺研制的复合菌生物有机肥，外包木霉真菌内含芽孢杆菌新型颗粒复合菌生物有机肥能够充分发挥木霉真菌和芽孢杆菌的促生功能，有效增强复合菌生物有机肥的促生效果。

Abstract:
Objective Use of granulation spraying technology, granular compound bioorganic fertilizer with Bacillus inside and Trichoderma outside was produced, and the effects of the new bio-organic fertilizer on plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll and other agronomic traits of pepper plant were studied via pot experiment.
Method For producing the new bio-organic fertilizer, pan granulation technique was adopted to produce Bacillus bio-organic fertilizer by using organic fertilizer, binder, and Bacillus strain. After that, with the same binder, Trichoderma spores were sprayed on the surface, and the new product was produced.
Result Storage experiment showed that the survival ability of Trichoderma was better in compound fertilizer that in powder fertilizer. After storage for 60 days, the number of Bacillus and Trichoderma in the new fertilizer was 2 × 10⁷ cfu g⁻¹, and 1.2 × 10⁸ cfu g⁻¹, respectively.
Conclusion In summary, pot experiment showed that the plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll, fresh weight and dry weight of pepper plant treated with the new bio-organic fertilizer were higher than those of other treatments after planting for 47 days, which indicates that the new granular compound bio-organic fertilizer has obvious plant growth promotion effect.

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