Community Structure Analysis of nirS Denitrifying Bacteria in Farmland Soil at Different Altitudes in the Dry-hot Valley of Panzhihua
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摘要:
目的 探明攀枝花干热河谷地区不同海拔高度农田土壤的反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度特征。 方法 以攀枝花干热河谷地区1600 m、1800 m和2000 m三个海拔高度的农田土壤为研究材料,通过末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术分析不同海拔高度农田土壤的nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度。 结果 不同海拔梯度农田土壤pH均小于7,土壤有机碳、全氮、速效钾和铵态氮的含量随海拔升高而降低,碱解氮、有效磷和硝态氮含量随海拔升高先增加后降低;群落结构丰富度随海拔增加呈上升趋势,而香侬指数和均匀度呈现出先上升后下降的趋势;T-RFLP分析结果显示,35 bp的T-RFs相对丰度最大,随海拔增加而减少,其次是40 bp的T-RFs,随海拔增加而增加;系统发育分析显示,β-变形菌门为该区域优势反硝化细菌;冗余分析结果显示,土壤硝态氮和有效磷是驱动该区域土壤nirS型反硝化细菌群落组成的主要因子。 结论 攀枝花干热河谷区不同海拔高度农田土壤中的nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构变化明显 (P < 0.05),且受土壤硝态氮和有效磷显著影响(P < 0.05)。研究结果可为深入认识干热河谷地区农田土壤反硝化细菌对海拔高度的响应机制提供理论依据。 -
关键词:
- 干热河谷 /
- 海拔高度 /
- nirS型反硝化细菌 /
- 群落结构
Abstract:Objective The community composition and diversity of nirS denitrifying bacteria in the farmland soil will be determined at different altitudes in the dry-hot valley area of Panzhihua, so as to provide the basis for further study of nitrogen cycle and soil fertility in this area. Method Farmland soils were collected from the altitudes of 1600 m, 1800 m and 2000 m in Panzhihua dry-hot valleys (DHV), and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) technique was used to analyze the nirS denitrifying bacterial community composition and diversity. Result Soil pH was all less than 7 under different elevation gradients, and the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available potassium and ammonium nitrogen decreased along the increase of altitude, while those of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen were increased firstly and then decreased. The richness of nirS denitrifying bacterial community increased with the increase of altitude while the Shannon index and evenness showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The results of T-RFLP analysis showed that 35bp T-RFs was the dominant nirS denitrifying bacteria and its relative abundance decreased with the increase of altitude. 40bp T-RFs was the second largest one and enhanced with the increase of altitude. Phylogenetic analysis showed that β-Proteobacteria was the main denitrifying bacteria. Redundant analysis showed that soil nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus were the most important factors in shaping the nirS-type denitrifying bacteria community composition. Conclusion The nirS-type denitrifying bacterial communities in the farmland soil at different altitudes in the dry-hot valley of Panzhihua varied significantly (P < 0.05), and significantly related to soil nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus. Totally, the findings of this study might provide a theoretical basis for deeply comprehending the response mechanism of soil denitrifying microorganisms to soil properties at different altitudes in this dry-hot valley area. -
Key words:
- The dry-hot valleys /
- Altitude /
- nirS-type bacteria /
- Community structure
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表 1 攀枝花干热河谷不同海拔高度农田土壤的理化性质
Table 1. Physico-chemical properties of soil samples collected from different altitudes in the dry-hot valley of Panzhihua
海拔
AltitudepH 有机质
SOC
(g kg−1)全氮
TN
(g kg−1)碱解氮
AN
(mg kg−1)有效磷
AP
(mg kg−1)速效钾
AK
(mg kg−1)硝态氮
NO3−−N
(mg kg−1)铵态氮
NH4+−N
(mg kg−1)反硝化速率
DR
(mg kg−1 h−1)H1 5.54 ± 0.04 a* 34.15 ± 2.13 a 1.21 ± 0.10 a 59.27 ± 5.71 a 32.92 ± 6.93 a 141.91 ± 14.56 a 15.23 ± 2.85 b 23.90 ± 2.39 a 0.11 ± 0.01 a H2 6.06 ± 0.38 a 29.02 ± 3.87 ab 1.12 ± 0.16 a 62.77 ± 7.42 a 39.74 ± 8.45 a 99.50 ± 20.47 ab 28.60 ± 2.01 a 23.47 ± 1.71 a 0.09 ± 0.01 a H3 5.79 ± 0.23 a 23.57 ± 2.43 b 0.91 ± 0.09 a 49.47 ± 5.89 a 28.68 ± 7.44 a 68.25 ± 6.99 b 11.86 ± 1.83 b 22.82 ± 4.19 a 0.08 ± 0.01 b 注:表中数据为均值 ± 标准差;不同小写字母表示同一指标在不同处理间的差异显著(P < 0.05)。H1海拔1600 m, H2海拔1800 m,H3海拔2000 m。 表 2 攀枝花干热河谷不同海拔高度农田土壤反硝化速率与理化性质Pearson相关分析
Table 2. Pearson correlation analysis of soil denitrification rate and physicochemical properties of soil samples collected from different altitudes in the dry-hot valley of Panzhihua
海拔
AltitudepH 有机质
SOC全氮
TN碱解氮
AN有效磷
AP速效钾
AK硝态氮
NO3−−N铵态氮
NH4+−NH1 0.327 −0.927** 0.763 −0.383 0.094 −0.48 0.054 −0.559 H2 −0.306 −0.942** −0.378 0.737 −0.35 −0.145 −0.455 −0.306 H3 0.669 0.928** −0.487 −0.635 0.051 −0.145 0.492 −0.439 注:** 表示在0.01级别(双尾),相关性显著。 表 3 不同海拔高度下红壤中 nirS基因多样性指数
Table 3. Diversity indices of the nirS genes in Red soil at different altitudes
海拔
Altitude香侬-威纳指数(H)
Shannon-wiener index丰富度(d)
Richness均匀度(E)
EvennessH1 1.58 ± 0.24 a 5.15 ± 0.41 a 1.05 ± 0.15 a H2 1.65 ± 0.13 a 5.40 ± 0.52 ab 1.09 ± 0.09 a H3 1.47 ± 0.20 ab 5.95 ± 0.64 b 0.94 ± 0.14 ab 注:表中数据为均值 ± 标准差;不同小写字母表示同一指标在不同处理间的差异显著(P < 0. 05),H1海拔1600 m, H2海拔1800 m,H3海拔 2000 m. -
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