化肥配施木醋液对玉米产量及品质的影响

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Wood Vinegar on Maize Yield and Quality

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  为探索常规化肥用量下，配施不同用量木醋液对玉米SPAD值、养分吸收积累量、产量及品质的影响。
      方法  以‘迪化159’玉米品种为试验材料，通过盆栽试验进行了化肥配施木醋液对玉米SPAD值、养分吸收积累量、产量及品质影响的研究。
      结果  与未配施木醋液的对照处理相比，化肥配施不同用量木醋液均能提高玉米的SPAD值，促进玉米植株对大量养分的吸收，提高产量和品质。化肥配施0.3 mL kg−1土木醋液时，玉米植株对氮素、磷素、钾素和总养分的吸收积累量最多，均显著大于对照处理，蛋白质含量亦显著大于对照处理（P < 0.05）。化肥配施0.4 mL kg−1木醋液时，虽玉米植株生物量以及籽粒产量显著大于配施0.4 mL kg−1木醋液（P < 0.05），但与化肥配施0.3 mL kg−1木醋液相比降低了粗蛋白含量（P < 0.05）。
      结论  本试验条件下，木醋液用量为0.4 mL kg−1土时，玉米的生物量和产量均最大，且木醋液的用量与玉米籽粒中淀粉含量呈显著（P < 0.01）正相关；通过隶属函数对玉米的产量和品质进行综合分析，木醋液用量为0.4 mL kg−1土时玉米生长效应最佳。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  In order to explore the effects of different amounts of wood vinegar combined with conventional chemical fertilizer on SPAD value, nutrient absorption and accumulation, yield and quality of Maize.
      Method  The effects of chemical fertilizer combined with wood vinegar on SPAD value, nutrient absorption and accumulation, yield and quality of maize ‘Dihua 159’ were studied by pot experiment.
      Result  Compared with the control treatment without wood vinegar, the application of chemical fertilizer with different amounts of wood vinegar could increase the SPAD value of maize, promote the absorption of a large number of nutrients, and improve the yield and quality of maize. When 0.3 mL kg−1 wood vinegar was applied together with chemical fertilizer, the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total nutrients of maize plants were the most, which were significantly higher than those of the control treatment, and the protein content was also significantly higher than that of the control treatment (P < 0.05). Although the plant biomass and grain yield of maize were significantly higher than that of 0.4 mL kg−1 wood vinegar (P < 0.05), the crude protein content was lower than that of 0.3 mL kg−1 wood vinegar (P < 0.05)
      Conclusion  Under the experimental conditions, the biomass and yield of maize were the largest when the amount of wood vinegar was 0.4 mL kg−1. The yield and quality of maize were comprehensively analyzed through the membership function. When the amount of wood vinegar was 0.4 mL kg−1, the comprehensive ranking of maize was the best, and the amount of wood vinegar was significantly positively correlated with the starch content in maize grain (P < 0.01).

     

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