Objective  Clarifying the soil salinity, acidity, alkalinity and nutrients of the greenhouse cucumber will provide an effective basis for improving soil quality and green development of the greenhouse cucumber in central and southern Hebei Province.

  Method  six main production areas of facility in central and Southern Hebe were selected as the research object in 2015, the soil samples with 1 m soil layer in cucumber-planted greenhouse and its adjacent or nearby open grain-planted field were collected in 5 layers with a thickness of 20 cm. These soil samples were used to determine the salinity, acid-base and nutrient status and analyze the physical and chemical properties and nutrient changes in this area.

  Result  The results showed that: (1) Compared with the grain-planted soil, the surface soil (0-20 cm) salt, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in cucumber-planted greenhouse in central and southern Hebei were significantly increased, and the average contents were 1.78, 1.43, 2.56, 7.59 and 2.56 times of the grain-planted soil, respectively. Soil pH decreased significantly by 0.54 units. (2) There were great differences in soil salinity, acidity, alkalinity and nutrients in cucumber-planted greenhouse in different sampling sites. The soil electrical conductivity ranged from 271.57 to 631.6 μS cm⁻¹, and the soil pH ranged from 7.20 to 7.93. Soil organic matter, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium ranged from 16.2 to 36.4 g kg⁻¹, 52.9 to 205.9 mg kg⁻¹, 107.5 to 315.6 mg kg⁻¹ and 188.9 to 757.9 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. (3) The contents of nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus in different 0-100 cm soil layers in cucumber-planted greenhouse were higher than those in grain-planted soil. In 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm, 80-100 cm soil layers, the increase rates of nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus were 77.9%, 69.2%, 38.6%, 25.1%, 73.6% and 161.3%, 261.85%, 224.7%, 135.3%, 120.4% respectively. Except that the nitrate nitrogen in 40-60 cm and 60-80 cm soil layers was not significant, the others were significantly higher than that in grain field soil.

  Conclusion  Comparison between the cucumber-planted greenhouse and grain-planted soil in central and Southern Hebei Province,the soil salt content increased seriously and pH decreased significantly, and the soil nutrient content was significantly improved, but the proportion of different nutrients was not balanced. In order to provide technical support for high and stable yield and green development of vegetables, it is necessary to increase soil organic matter, to control nutrient input and the proportion of different nutrients, to prevent soil secondary salinization and to alleviate the downward trend of pH, and to improve soil quality.