Abstract:
Soil contamination has drawn more attention to the public communities as human behavior influences the earth environment more than before. Soil remediation emerged relatively late in China, resulting in the remediation technologies being limited to some common physical and chemical techniques. China is deepening the battle against pollution, the new techniques are expected to be more efficient, green, and low-cost in the remediation field. Bioremediation could make up for the shortcomings of existing remediation techniques to a certain extent. This study focused on biological soil bioremediation techniques associated with animals, plants and microorganisms through the bibliometric analysis. The results from reviewing the references suggested as following. ① Soil bioremediation mainly focuses on pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, and microbial techniques are research hotspot. The separation and identification of degrading bacteria were mainly explored in the early stage, and the mechanism analysis are the current focus. ② The earthworms are the main model animal for the animal remediation techniques, which leverage the biotic and abiotic mechanisms. However, this techniques is rarely used in soil remediation. ③ Phytoremediation techniques is widely used in heavy metal contaminated sites due to its diverse remediation mechanisms, and can be combined with microbes to treat pollutants. ④ Microbial remediation techniques are widely used because of the diverse microorganisms, extent target pollutants, and readily collaborate with other techniques. ⑤ This review is looking forward to the development of domestic soil remediation, in order to promote the remediation technologies in China.