稻田经济草坪化种植后土壤理化性质与养分质量变化特点

Changes of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Nutrients after Economic Turf Planting in Paddy Field

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  揭示稻田经济草坪化种植后的土壤质量变化规律，以期为草坪化种植稻田复垦快速精准改良提供依据。
      方法  基于海宁市丁桥镇近133.3 hm2 稻田被经济草坪化种植后存在需复垦为稻田的改良需求，选择稻田草坪化种植（0、1、2、3、4年）后的土壤为研究对象，分析土壤的机械组成、容重、pH值、有机质、阳离子交换量、氮、磷、钾总量及其有效态含量等理化与养分指标，并对其进行相关性分析和土壤肥力综合评价，探讨土壤理化性质与养分指标的时空变异特征，明晰经济草坪化种植后稻田关键肥力因子的变化特点。
      结果  稻田草坪化种植后，随着种植年限增长，不同深度土壤（0 ~ 15 cm、15 ~ 30 cm、30 ~ 45 cm）的各理化性质与养分含量指标变化趋势具有一致性。随草坪化种植年限增长，土壤砂粒含量减少，粘粒含量增加，容重增大，pH逐渐升高，土壤有机质和阳离子交换量呈现出先快后慢的下降态势；土壤全量和速效氮、磷、钾含量逐渐降低，土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量在草坪化种植初期下降尤其显著。全量及速效养分含量总体以及土壤砂粒含量与草坪化种植年限呈极显著负相关（P < 0.01），土壤pH和容重的变化量以及粘粒含量与草坪化种植年限呈极显著正相关（P < 0.01），有机质和阳离子交换量的变化量与草坪化种植年限呈显著负相关（P < 0.05），草坪化种植4年后，土壤肥力综合等级退化为瘦瘠水平。
      结论  稻田经济草坪化种植后导致其土壤肥力显著退化。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  Revealing the changes of soil quality after economic turf planting in different years is the basis for ensuring the rapid and accurate improvement of turf planting paddy field reclamation.
      Method  Based on the improvement needs of nearly 133.3 hm2 of paddy field in Dingqiao Town, Haining, which needs to be reclaimed into paddy field after economic turf planting. The soils after turf planting in paddy field for different years (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 years) were selected as the research object to analyze the mechanical composition, bulk density, pH value, organic matter and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils. Total amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their available contents were tested, and the correlations and comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility were analyzed, in order to explore the characteristics of soil physicochemical properties and nutrient indices, and to clarify the changes of key fertility factors in paddy field after economic turf planting.
      Result  After turf planting in paddy field, with the increase of turf planting years, the change trends of physicochemical properties and nutrient content indices of soil at different depths (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-45 cm) were consistent. With the increase of turf planting years, the contents of soil sand decreased, the content of clay increased, the bulk density increased, the pH gradually increased, and the soil organic matter and CEC decreased first fast and then slow. The contents of total soil and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased gradually, especially in the early stage of turf planting. The contents of total and available nutrients and the content of soil sand particles were significantly negatively correlated with the years of turf planting (P < 0.01), the changes of soil pH, bulk density and clay content were significantly positively correlated with the years of turf planting (P < 0.01), and the changes of organic matter and CEC were significantly negatively correlated with the years of turf planting (P < 0.05), The comprehensive grade of soil fertility degenerated to the barren level.
      Conclusion  The economic turfgrass planting in paddy field leads to the significant degradation of soil fertility.

     

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