哈茨木霉菌与有机肥复配强化植物修复强酸性重金属污染土壤的效果及机理

Phytoextraction Remediation Effectiveness and Mechanism by Using Trichoderma Harzianum with Organic Fertilizer for Strongly Acidic Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  本研究从微生物（哈茨木霉菌）钝化与小白菜 (Brassica rapa L.Chinensis Group.）萃取重金属联合修复入手，结合配施有机肥，探究哈茨木霉菌和有机肥复配强化植物萃取修复强酸性重金属污染土壤的效果及机理。
      方法  基于盆栽实验，设计哈茨木霉菌钝化与小白菜萃取单独修复及混合修复处理，同时配施有机肥，另设置空白对照，各处理设置3次重复，共计24组处理。
      结果  与对照处理相比，哈茨木霉菌和有机肥处理下，土壤pH增加14.05% ~ 34.60%，有机质含量增加10.11% ~ 99.42%；哈茨木霉菌处理下，土壤速效钾和铵态氮含量分别提高51.02%和10.31%；有机肥处理下，土壤有效磷和速效钾含量分别增加451.84%和433.69%。哈茨木霉菌和有机肥复配下小白菜地上部分生物量较对照增加414.29%；小白菜地上生物量与土壤全镉（Cd）呈显著负相关，小白菜地上富集系数及转运系数较对照分别增大25.58%和21.29%；同时土壤全Cd含量降低43.83%，土壤酸可提取态Cd含量降低87.41%，小白菜地上及根系Cd均与土壤酸可提取态Cd呈显著负相关。
      结论  本研究显示哈茨木霉菌和有机肥复配具有强化植物萃取重金属效率和对酸性Cd污染土壤修复的潜力，对于矿区重金属污染土壤的植物修复治理提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  The study aimed to explore the phytoextraction remediation effectiveness and mechanism by using Trichoderma harzianum with organic fertilizer for strongly acidic heavy metal contaminated soil, in consideration of the function of microbial (Trichoderma harzianum) passivation and Brassica chinensis (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis Group.) extraction, combined with organic fertilizer application.
      Method  In the pot experiment, the separate and combined treatments of Trichoderma harzianum passivation and Brassica chinensis extraction were designed, together with the application of organic fertilizer. A blank control was set up and each treatment has three replicates, making a total number of 24 treatments.
      Result  Compared with the control treatment, the soil pH increased by 14.05%-34.60% and the organic matter content increased by 10.11%-99.42% in the treatment of Trichoderma harzianum and organic fertilizer. Under the treatment of Trichoderma harzianum, the soil available potassium and ammonium nitrogen content increased by 51.02% and 10.31%. Under the treatment of organic fertilizer, the soil available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 451.84% and 433.69%. The aboveground biomass of Brassica chinensis increased by 414.29% in the combination of Trichoderma harzianum and organic fertilizer; The aboveground biomass of Brassica chinensis has significant negative correlation with soil total Cd. The aboveground transfer factors and bioconcentration factors of Brassica chinensis increased by 25.58% and 21.29% compared with that of control; Soil total Cd content decreased by 43.83% and the acid extractable Cd content of soil decreased by 87.41%. Both aboveground and root Cd in Brassica chinensis has significant negative correlation with soil acid extractable Cd.
      Conclusion  The combination of Trichoderma harzianum and organic fertilizer has the potential to strengthen the phytoextraction efficiency and remediation of acidic Cd contaminated soil, which provide a theoretical basis and practically guide for heavy metal-contaminated soils in mining areas.

     

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