Influence of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors on Soil Organic Matter Content in Farmland
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摘要:
目的 以江西省泰和县为研究区域，揭示县域尺度耕地土壤有机质（SOM）的空间分布规律。 方法 设计覆盖整个泰和县耕地的采样网络，采集361个表层（0 ~ 20 cm）土壤样品。使用普通克里格插值法探究研究区耕地土壤有机质含量的空间分布特征，利用随机森林模型结合经典统计方法探究泰和县耕地土壤有机质空间分异的主要影响因素。 结果 研究区耕地土壤有机质含量均值为31.05 g kg−1，处于较丰富水平，表明泰和县耕地土壤肥力水平较好。泰和县耕地土壤有机质具有中等程度的空间自相关性，具有中部低、东西高的空间分布特征。秸秆还田和海拔是耕地土壤有机质含量的主要影响因子，解释率为56.37%和18.73%。土壤pH、成土母质、施肥量和灌溉能力对土壤有机质含量也具有显著影响，解释率分别为9.66%、9.47%、6.76%和5.45%。 结论 采取秸秆还田、合理施用石灰和完善排水设施等田间管理措施可以有效提高耕地土壤有机质含量，改善土壤保肥固碳能力，对促进农业可持续发展，助力实施国家“碳达峰”和“碳中和”战略具有重要价值和意义。 Abstract:Objective The Taihe County of Jiangxi Province was taken as the research area to reveal the spatial pattern of soil organic matter (SOM) content and its influencing mechanism at the county scale. Method In this study, 361 surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were collected in Taihe County. Then the ordinary kriging, random forest and classical statistical methods were used to analyze the spatial pattern of SOM contents as well as to calculate the importance of different natural and anthropogenic factors on SOM variation. Result The average SOM content in the study area was 31.05 g kg−1, which indicates a good fertile of farmland soil in Taihe County. The SOM content showed obvious spatial autocorrelation, which has the spatial distribution characteristics of low in the central region and high in the east and west. The main driving factors of SOM content in the study area were returning straw, and altitude with relative importance of 56.37% and 18.73%, respectively. The pH, parent materials, chemical fertilizer application and irrigation also clearly contributed to SOM, with relative importance of 9.66%, 9.47%, 6.76% and 5.45%, respectively. Conclusion Reasonable soil management measures such as straw returning and good drainage conditions can effectively improve the soil organic matter content of cultivated land, as well as carbon sequestration ability, and thus contribute to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategies. -
图 3 不同自然影响因素下土壤有机质含量箱型图
Figure 3. Box plot of SOM contents under different natural factors
图 4 土壤有机质含量与耕地海拔、土壤pH散点图
Figure 4. Scatter plot of SOM contents with elevation and pH of cultivated land
图 5 不同人为影响因素下土壤有机质含量箱型图
Figure 5. Box plot of SOM under different anthropogenic factors
图 6 土壤有机质含量与年平均化肥施用量散点图
Figure 6. Scatter plot of SOM contents with average annual fertilizer amount
图 7 各变量对土壤有机质含量的解释率
**表示P < 0.01；*表示P < 0.05。
Figure 7. Explanation rate of each factor on soil organic matter content
表 1 土壤有机质含量描述性统计结果
Table 1. Descriptive statistics of soil organic matter
均值（g kg–1）
Mean最小值（g kg–1）
Minimum最大值（g kg–1）
Maximum标准差
Standard deviation偏度
Skewness峰度
Kurtosis变异系数（%）
Coefficient of variation有机质 31.05 12.80 58.20 9.44 0.41 −0.39 30.38 
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表 2 土壤有机质变异函数理论模型参数
Table 2. Soil organic matter variogram theoretical model parameters
块金值
Nugget基台值
Sill变程（m）
Range块金比（%）
Nugget/Sill理论模型
Theoretical model决定系数
R225.70 89.43 5542.56 28.73 高斯模型 0.94
下载: 导出CSV
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