施用生物炭对中国农田土壤有机碳含量的影响——基于Meta分析

Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Organic Carbon Content in Farmland: A Meta-analysis

    摘要
  • 摘要: 探明不同生产条件下施加生物炭对中国农田土壤有机碳含量的影响，以期为科学施用生物炭和提高农田土壤碳库储量提供理论参考。研究基于已公开发表的施加生物炭对于我国农田土壤有机碳含量影响的相关文献，以不施加生物炭为对照组，施加生物炭为试验组，使用Meta分析方法定量整合分析了不同自然条件、土壤性质、农田管理措施等因素下生物炭施用对农田土壤有机碳含量的影响。 研究表明，施加生物炭显著提高了农田土壤有机碳含量（P < 0.05），平均提高33.98%；当年均温在10 ~ 15℃时，土壤有机碳含量增幅最大，可显著提高48.05%（P < 0.05），且不同年均温之间有极显著差异（P < 0.01），年均降雨量对生物炭提高土壤有机碳的效应也有显著影响（P < 0.05）；在壤土上施加生物炭对土壤有机碳的提升效果较其他质地土壤极显著提高26.66%（P < 0.01）；随着施用生物炭pH的提高，其对土壤有机碳的增加效应越大，当生物炭pH > 10时平均可显著提高49.20%（P < 0.05）；在生物炭施用下，轮作相比于连作，极显著提高了土壤有机碳含量，提高率为28.42%（P < 0.01）；生物炭配施氮肥对土壤有机碳含量的提高主要取决于生物炭施用量而不是氮肥施用量。此外，试验农田土壤pH、耕地类型、生物炭制备来源和C/N比等因素均对生物炭施用下土壤有机碳含量有不同程度影响。在年均温10 ~ 15℃的壤土地区，采用轮作种植方式，施加pH > 10的生物炭对农田土壤的固碳效果最佳。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The aims were to explore the effects of biochar application under different production conditions on soil organic carbon (SOC) in farmland of China, in order to provide a theoretical reference for scientific application of biochar and effective improvement of soil carbon storage in farmland.
    Method Based on the published literature on the effect of biochar application on SOC content in farmland in China, this study took no biochar application as the control group and biochar application as the experimental group. Meta-analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the effects of biochar application on SOC content in farmland under different natural conditions, soil properties and farmland management measures.
    Result The results showed that the application of biochar could significantly increase SOC content by 33.98% (P < 0.05) in average. The SOC was significant increased by 48.05% (P < 0.05) while the mean annual temperature was 10-15℃, and showed the highly significant (P < 0.01) difference among different mean annual temperatures. The mean annual precipitation also had a significant effect on the effect of biochar on SOC (P < 0.05). Applying biochar on loam soil could significantly increase the SOC content by 26.66% (P < 0.01) compared with other texture soils. The increase effects on SOC content was increased with the biochar pH increase, and significant increased by 49.20% (P < 0.05) in average with biochar pH > 10. Compared with continuous cropping, the crop rotation could highly significant increased SOC by 28.42% (P < 0.01) in average under biochar application. The SOC content not significant increased with the nitrogen fertilizer rate, but significant increased with the biochar application rate. In addition, the soil pH of experimental farmland type, source of biochar preparation, and C/N ratio of biochar also have different effects on the SOC content under biochar application.
    Conclusion Notably, biochar application could significant increase SOC content based suitable cropping system (rotation), soil types (loam), mean annual temperature (10-15℃) and high biochar pH ( > 10) can enhance the SOC sequestration potential of farmland.

     

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