汪楠楠, 王宇帆, 黄 飞, 李兵兵, 王友保. 铜尾矿库周边农田土壤重金属污染状况及其对大豆生长的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(5): 1462 − 1469. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023032204
引用本文: 汪楠楠, 王宇帆, 黄 飞, 李兵兵, 王友保. 铜尾矿库周边农田土壤重金属污染状况及其对大豆生长的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2024, 55(5): 1462 − 1469. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023032204
WANG Nan-nan, WANG Yu-fan, HUANG Fei, LI Bing-bing, WANG You-bao. Heavy Metal Pollution Situation in Farmland Soil around Copper Tailings and Its Effects on Soybean Growth[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(5): 1462 − 1469. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023032204
Citation: WANG Nan-nan, WANG Yu-fan, HUANG Fei, LI Bing-bing, WANG You-bao. Heavy Metal Pollution Situation in Farmland Soil around Copper Tailings and Its Effects on Soybean Growth[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2024, 55(5): 1462 − 1469. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2023032204

铜尾矿库周边农田土壤重金属污染状况及其对大豆生长的影响

Heavy Metal Pollution Situation in Farmland Soil around Copper Tailings and Its Effects on Soybean Growth

  • 摘要:
    目的 探究安徽省铜陵市老鸦岭尾矿库对周边农田土壤质量及作物生长的影响,为该地区的重金属污染风险研究和土地安全利用提供参考。
    方法 以尾矿库为起点,向东南以1 km为间距,共设置4处农田样地,分别记为NT0、NT1、NT2、NT3,对各样地土壤的基本理化性质、重金属含量、土壤酶活性,以及大豆植株的生物量和重金属富集量等指标进行测定分析。
    结果 以国家农用地土壤污染风险管控标准的风险筛选值为标准,计算内梅罗污染指数,对尾矿周边农田的土壤污染状况进行了评价。毗邻尾矿库的NT0样地土壤污染最为严重,铜、锌、铅、镍、铬的单项污染指数分别为4.37、1.19、0.64、0.24、0.13,综合污染指数为3.23,达到重污染水平。尾矿库周边约1 km范围为重金属污染区,约3 km范围为重金属污染警戒区。尾矿库周边农田土壤的脲酶活性对土壤重金属含量变化最为敏感,可指示该地区的污染情况。尾矿库周边的大豆生长状况与农田土壤铜、锌含量呈负相关,大豆植株对土壤中锌的富集和转运能力均高于铜。
    结论 老鸦岭尾矿库会对其周边的农田土壤造成一定的重金属污染,抑制作物生长,存在潜在的生态风险,亟需进一步修复和治理。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The effect of tailings on the soil quality and crop growth of surrounding farmland in Laoyaling, Tongling, Anhui Province, was studied to provide a reference for heavy metal pollution risk and safe use of land in this area.
    Method Four farmland sample sites were set up by taking Laoyaling tailings as the starting point and taking 1km to the southeast as the spacing, which were recorded as NT0, NT1, NT2 and NT3, respectively. The basic physical and chemical properties, heavy metals and enzyme activities in soil, biomass of soybean plants and bioconcentration of heavy metals were measured and analyzed.
    Result The Nemero pollution index was calculated to evaluate the soil pollution situation of farmland around tailings, using the risk screening value of the national agricultural land soil pollution risk control standard as the evaluation standard. The soil pollution at NT0 adjacent to tailings was the most serious. The single pollution indices of copper, zinc, lead, nickel and chromium were 4.37, 1.19, 0.64, 0.24 and 0.13, respectively. And the comprehensive pollution index was 3.23, reaching the severe pollution level. The area within 1 km around the tailings was polluted by heavy metal, and the area within 3 km was warned to be polluted. The urease activity of farmland soil around the tailings was most sensitive to the changes in heavy metal content of soil, which could indicate the pollution situation in the area. The growth of soybean plants around the tailings was negatively correlated with the copper and zinc content in the farmland soil. Soybean plants had a higher ability to accumulate and transport zinc in the soil than copper.
    Conclusion The Laoyaling tailings lead to heavy metal pollution in the surrounding farmland soil and inhibit crop growth, with potential ecological risks. It urgently needs further restoration and management.

     

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