Abstract: Lithosphere and pedosphere are two carbon pools in the terrestrial. Evaluating their contributions objectively to carbon neutrality is vital to develop and drive the national carbon neutrality strategy of China. By discussing the time scale, the effect of artificial carbon sequestration measures and limitations, this perspective deeply analyzed the limitations and deficiencies of carbon neutrality between soil science and geology science. If China implements all carbon sink target-oriented managements (including afforestation in some grasslands and shrub lands, 50% of degraded grassland enclosure, 60% of straw incorporation, 30% of farmland no-tillage, etc.), the total annual carbon sequestration of soil in different ecosystems will be 0.20 Pg C per year, accounting for only 5.8 % ~ 7.1 % of energy-related CO₂ emissions in China. Moreover, the implementation of all the above measures is still very difficult in practice, therefore the carbon sink is only theoretically established. Soil is not a suitable field to realize carbon neutrality due to its uncertainty in stability and persistence of carbon sequestration, although soil can take into account carbon neutrality by combining land use management measures. Lithosphere is not to be the main way to achievement carbon neutrality, since its high cost and low income of artificial carbon sequestration measures, as commercial carbon storage projects only contribute 0.07 Pg. Therefore, it is not recommended to overemphasize its importance in carbon neutralization strategy at present. This study provides a new perspective of their position in carbon neutrality, and a reference for the formulation and implementation of carbon neutrality policies.