酒庄废水冬灌对葡萄园土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of Winter Irrigation with Winery Wastewater on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Community Structure in Vineyard

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 明确酒庄废水灌溉改善葡萄园土壤理化性质和细菌群落的效果。
    方法 在贺兰山东麓的葡萄园开展酒庄废水冬灌试验，设置废水占比分别为0、25%、50%、75%和100% 五种处理，每个处理单次灌水量10.8 m3。于11月冬灌，次年4月葡萄展藤后采样，测定0 ~ 20、20 ~ 40、40 ~ 60、60 ~ 80、80 ~ 100 cm土壤的理化性质，并通过高通量测序技术分析表层土壤细菌的群落组成。
    结果 采用酒庄废水冬灌后0 ~ 100 cm各土层的有机碳含量增加，全氮、全磷和速效磷含量在0 ~ 60 cm土层有所增加，氨氮含量在表层呈增加趋势，且土壤钠吸附比（SAR）增加。废水冬灌能够提高土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性。在门水平上，废水冬灌后放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）的丰度明显降低，而变形菌门（Protebacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）的相对丰度却明显增加。在属水平上，废水冬灌后节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）的相对丰度逐渐降低，而假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和束毛球菌属（Trichococcus）的相对丰度明显增高。土壤全磷、全氮和有机碳是影响葡萄园土壤微生物群落组成的主要环境因子。
    结论 在贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产区，合理控制酒庄废水冬灌能够提高水资源利用率，改善土壤肥力水平，提高土壤细菌群落多样性，但要关注土壤盐分离子积累风险。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The aims were to clarify the effectiveness of irrigation with winery wastewater on the soil physicochemical characteristics and bacterial community structure in vineyard.
    Method The experiments were carried out in the vineyard at the eastern foothill of Helan Mountain. Field treatments with different proportions of 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of wastewater irrigation were set up. The amount of water per irrigation for each treatment was 10.8m3 in November. Sampling was finished in April of the following year. The physicochemical properties of soil of the five layers of 0 - 20, 20 - 40, 40 - 60, 60 - 80 and 80 - 100 cm were determined, and the structure of soil microbial communities were analyzed through high-throughput sequencing technology.
    Result The results showed that the organic carbon content of each soil layer of 0 - 100 cm increased after winter irrigation with winery wastewater, the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus increased in 0 - 60 cm, and the content of ammonia increased in top soil of 0 - 20 cm. The winter irrigation of winery wastewater increased the soil sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and improved the richness and diversity of soil bacteria. At the phylum level, the abundance of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were significantly reduced after winter irrigation with wastewater, while the abundance of Protebacteria, Firmicutes and Chloroflexi increased significantly. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Artrobacter decreased, while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas and Trichococcus increased significantly. Soil total phosphorus, total nitrogen and organic carbon (P < 0.05) were the main environmental factors affecting the composition of soil microbial communities in vineyard.
    Conclusion In the wine-producing area of the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, reasonable winter irrigation with winery wastewater can improve the water utilization efficiency and soil fertility, and improve the diversity of soil bacterial community, but the attention should be paid to the risk of salt accumulation in soil.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(46)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回