外源添加物对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响

Effect of Exogenous Additives on the Stability of Soil Aggregates

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探究不同外源添加物对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响，为改良土壤提供参考依据。
    方法 以江苏省3种典型土地利用方式（林地、水田和、旱地）土壤为研究对象，采用室内土培实验，设置空白对照，以及每千克土壤添加1克生石灰、10克黄腐酸、250克鱼塘底泥、15克生物炭4个外源物处理，通过干筛法测定各粒级土壤团聚体含量，研究不同外源添加物对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响。
    结果 不同外源添加物对不同土地利用方式土壤大团聚体含量（DR0.25）、平均重量直径（MWD）、几何平均直径（GMD）影响差异显著。其中，生石灰能显著提高林地土壤DR0.25、MWD和GMD值，平均增幅分别为13.03%、22.71%和55.91%。黄腐酸能显著提高林地、水田和旱地土壤DR0.25、MWD和GMD值。对林地土壤DR0.25、MWD和GMD平均增幅分别为4.60%、18.44%和33.26%；对水田和旱地土壤DR0.25、MWD和GMD平均增幅分别为11.61%、41.23%、141.48%和10.94%、24.52%、47.47%。鱼塘底泥能显著提高林地、水田和旱地土壤大团聚体含量，平均增幅分别为9.09%、4.42%和9.99%。生物炭能显著提高水田和旱地土壤DR0.25、MWD和GMD值，平均增幅分别为11.96%、29.62%、124.06%和10.16%、19.01%、25.05%。相关性分析表明，土壤DR0.25与MWD和GMD呈现极显著正相关（P < 0.01），其相关系数分别为0.74和0.80，MWD与GMD呈现极显著正相关（P < 0.01），其相关系数为0.95。
    结论 不同外源添加物对不同土地利用方式土壤团聚体稳定性的影响差异显著，其中黄腐酸的施用对提高林地、水田和旱地土壤团聚体的稳定性效果最好。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of different exogenous additives on the stability of soil aggregates, and to provide reference for improving soil.
    Methods The soils of three typical land use types (forest land, paddy field and dry field) in Jiangsu Province were selected as the research objects. The indoor soil culture experiment was conducted. Five treatments were set, including 1 control, 4 exogenous additives (1 g quicklime, 10 g fulvic acid, 250 g fish pond sediment and 15 g biochar per kilogram of soil, respectively). The content of soil aggregate in each particle size was determined by dry screening method, and the effects of different exogenous additives on the stability of soil aggregates were studied.
    Results The effects of different exogenous additives on soil macro aggregate content (DR0.25), mean weight diameter (MWD), and geometric mean diameter (GMD) in different land use patterns were significantly different. Among them, quicklime could significantly improve the soil DR0.25, MWD and GMD of forest land, with an average increase of 13.03%, 22.71% and 55.91% respectively. Fulvic acid could significantly improve the soil DR0.25, MWD and GMD of forest land, paddy field and dry land. The average increases of DR0.25, MWD and GMD in forest land soil were 4.60%, 18.44% and 33.26%, respectively. The average increases of DR0.25, MWD and GMD in paddy field and dry land soil were 11.61%, 41.23%, 141.48% and 10.94%, 24.52%, 47.47%, respectively. Fish pond sediment could significantly improve the content of soil macro aggregates in forest land, paddy field and dry land, with an average increase of 9.09%, 4.42% and 9.99%, respectively. Biochar could significantly improve the soil DR0.25, MWD and GMD of paddy field and dry land, with an average increase of 11.96%, 29.62%, 124.06% and 10.16%, 19.01%, 25.05%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that soil DR0.25 was significantly positively correlated with MWD and GMD ( P < 0.01 ), and the correlation coefficients were 0.74 and 0.80, respectively. MWD was significantly positively correlated with GMD ( P < 0.01 ), and the correlation coefficient was 0.95.
    Conclusion The effects of different exogenous additives on the stability of soil aggregates in different land use patterns were significantly different. Among them, the application of fulvic acid had the best effect on improving the stability of soil aggregates in forest land, paddy field and dry land.

     

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