有机物料和微生物菌剂对连作土壤性质和黄芩生长的影响

Effects of Organic Materials and Microbial Agents on Soil Properties and Growth of Scutellaria baicalensis

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探究有机物料和微生物菌剂对连作土壤的影响和对土壤连作障碍的缓解效果，以实现利用有机物料和微生物菌剂改善由黄芩中药材连作栽培产生的土壤障碍。
    方法 在未种植过黄芩和连续种植3年的土壤中施用枯草芽孢杆菌、胶冻样芽孢杆菌、腐殖酸、生物炭和蚯蚓堆肥。温室盆栽种植105天后收获，研究黄芩的生长性状、植株养分（氮、磷和钾）吸收效率以及土壤性质的变化。
    结果 生物炭和蚯蚓粪肥显著促进了黄芩生长和氮、磷和钾养分的吸收。未连作土壤中，生物炭使黄芪茎部和根部干重分别增加了154.4%和110.1%，而枯草芽孢杆菌、胶冻样芽孢杆菌和腐殖酸降低了黄芩干物质质量的积累。蚯蚓粪肥使土壤养分（全氮、速效磷和有效钾）含量增加了21.8 ~ 253.0%，黄芩植株中养分（氮、磷和钾）浓度增加了6.5 ~ 37.6%。在连作3年土壤上，生物炭和蚯蚓粪肥使黄芩茎部干重分别增加了342.2%和216.5%，根部干重分别增加了271.1%和252.7%。施用生物炭和蚯蚓粪肥处理，黄芩根部干重增幅分别是其他处理的4.7 ~ 9.1倍和4.4 ~ 8.5倍。蚯蚓粪肥使土壤养分（全氮、速效磷和有效钾）含量增加了30.2 % ~ 410.7%，黄芩植株氮、磷和钾养分浓度增加了20.7% ~ 80.4%。
    结论 与其它物料相比，施用生物炭和蚯蚓粪肥能有效增加土壤全氮、速效磷和有效钾等养分含量，促进黄芩植株的氮、磷和钾吸收，促进黄芩生长，缓解黄芩连作障碍。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of organic materials and microbial agents on continuous cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials.
    Method Soil was applied with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, humic acid, biochar and vermicompost in soil with non- or three-continuous cropping years. The Scutellaria baicalensis growth traits, nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) absorption efficiency, and soil characteristics were studied after 105 days of potted cultivation in greenhouse.
    Result Biochar and vermicompost significantly promoted the growth and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) absorption of S. baicalensis. In non-continuous cropping soil, the dry weight of shoot and root of S. baicalensis increased 154.4% and 110.1% by biochar. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus and humic acid decreased the dry weight of S. baicalensis. Vermicompost increased the nutrients’ (total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) contents of soil by 21.8%-253.0%. The nutrients’ (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) concentrations of S. baicalensis increased by 6.5%-37.6%. In soil with 3 continuous cropping years, the dry weight of shoots increased by 342.2% and 216.5%, and the dry weight of roots increased by 271.1% and 252.7% under the action of biochar and vermicompost, respectively. The increases of root dry weight of S. baicalensis treated with biochar and vermicompost were 4.7-9.1 times and 4.4-8.5 times than other treatments, respectively. Vermicompost increased the nutrients’ (total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) contents of soil by 30.2%-410.7%, and the nutrient concentrations of S. baicalensis increased by 20.7%-80.4%.
    Conclusion Compared with other materials, biochar and vermicompost could effectively increase soil nutrient contents (total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium), promoting nutrients’ (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) absorption of scutellaria, promoting the growth of S. scutellaria, and alleviating continuous cropping obstacles.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(45)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回