放牧与围封对荒漠草原土壤团聚体几何分布及拓扑结构的影响

Effects of Enclosure on Geometric Distribution and Topological Structure of Soil Aggregates in Desert Steppe

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 研究放牧干扰与围封管理对土壤团聚体几何分布特征和拓扑结构特征的影响，以期为荒漠草原植被恢复和生态系统修复与重建提供科学依据。
    方法 以宁夏盐池县荒漠草原的6类样地为研究对象，使用原状土柱采集、CT扫描和图像处理量化分析等技术方法，获取土壤团聚体几何分布并量化土壤团聚体拓扑结构。
    结果 放牧干扰的柠条林土壤团聚体的含量高于围封管理的柠条林，且分布更加均匀，团聚体拓扑结构更好；围封管理的天然草地土壤团聚体含量高于放牧干扰的天然草地，且分布更加均匀，团聚体拓扑结构更好。各样地在0 ~ 10 cm土层土壤团聚体数量更多，分布更加均匀；较10 ~ 20 cm土层，0 ~ 10 cm土层柠条林土壤团聚体拓扑结构更好。
    结论 ①围封管理有利于提高荒漠草原天然草地土壤团聚体分布的均匀性，优化团聚体拓扑结构；放牧干扰有利于提高荒漠草原柠条林地土壤团聚体分布的均匀性，优化团聚体拓扑结构。②柠条林地较天然草地土壤团聚体分布更均匀，且团聚体拓扑结构更好。在荒漠草原修复与重建中可以考虑栽植柠条林以提高土壤结构，放牧有利于优化土壤团聚体结构，提高土壤抗蚀力。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The investigation was conducted to examine the impacts of grazing disturbance and enclosure management on the geometric distribution and topological structure of soil aggregates, aimed to furnish a scientific foundation for the restoration, ecological restoration and reconstruction of desert steppe through vegetation.
    Method The geometric distribution and topological structure of soil aggregates were obtained by employing undisturbed soil column collection, CT scanning, and image processing quantitative analysis on 6 types of desert steppe samples in Yanchi County, Ningxia.
    Result The content of soil aggregates in the Caragana Koragana forest under grazing disturbance was higher than that under enclosure management, and the distribution was more uniform. Additionally, the topological structure of the soil aggregates was better. The content of soil aggregates in enclosed natural grassland was also higher than that in grazing disturbed natural grassland, with a more uniform distribution and better topological structure. The number of soil aggregates in the 0-10 cm soil layer was higher, and their distribution was more uniform. Furthermore, the topological structure of soil aggregates in caragana forest was better than that in the 10-20 cm soil layer and 0-10 cm soil layer.
    Conclusion ①Enclosure management was beneficial to improve the uniformity of soil aggregate distribution in natural grassland and optimize the topology of aggregates, while grazing disturbance was beneficial to improve the uniformity of soil aggregate distribution and optimize the topology of aggregates in desert steppe caragana woodland. ②The soil aggregate structure of the caragana woodland was more uniform, and the topology of the aggregate was better than that of the natural grassland, so the soil structure of the caragana forest could be optimized by planting the caragana forest in the desert steppe restoration and reconstruction, and grazing in the desert steppe caragana woodland was conducive to optimizing the soil aggregate structure and improving the soil erosion resistance.

     

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