Abstract: Soil in natural ecosystems has the ability to oxidized methane (CH₄) and serves as an important sink for atmospheric CH₄. In the context of global change, it is crucial to study how soil CH₄ uptake responds to global change and the underlying mechanisms, as this forms the basis for accurately predicting future trends in soil CH₄ sinks in natural ecosystems. This paper reviewed the research progress on soil CH₄ uptake, focusing on its response to and impact mechanisms related to global change factors such as global warming, altering precipitation patterns, rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, and increasing nitrogen deposition. It also identified gaps in current research and suggested potential future directions. Global change could affect the growth of plants, microorganisms and soil environmental factors, which in turn influences the growth and physiological processes of methanotrophs and methanogens of regulating CH₄ uptake. However, due to the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of global change factor controlled experiments and the complexity of interactions between these factors, there was significant uncertainty in the regulatory mechanisms of soil CH₄ uptake. Future researched should focus on investigating the combined effects of multiple global change factors on soil CH₄ uptake with a greater emphasis on the long-term impacts of global change on this process.