Effects of Tourism Disturbance on Soil Aggregate Stability and Organic Carbon Content in Wanbailin Ecological Forestry Park of Taiyuan
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摘要: 以太原万柏林生态园为试验对象,研究了旅游干扰对土壤团聚体组成及有机碳分布的影响。结果表明,随着旅游干扰强度增强,景区土壤< 1 mm粒级团聚体数量逐渐升高,而> 1 mm粒级团聚体数量、水稳性团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)和平均几何直径(GMD)则均逐渐降低;土壤总有机碳含量和各粒级团聚体有机碳含量均随旅游干扰强度增强而逐渐降低,且0 ~ 20 cm土层、> 1.0 mm粒级团聚体降低幅度高于20 ~ 40 cm土层、< 0.5 mm粒级团聚体;随着旅游干扰强度的增加,>2 mm粒级团聚体对土壤有机碳的贡献率逐渐降低,而< 1 mm粒级团聚体贡献率逐渐升高。综上所述,旅游干扰会显著降低景区土壤团聚体稳定性和有机碳含量,破坏土壤质量,建议相关部门合理制定旅游环境容量、提高游客环保意识,减轻负面影响。Abstract: Taking the Wanbailin Ecological Forestry Park of Taiyuan as the experimental object, the effects of tourism disturbance on the aggregates and soil organic carbon(SOC) contents in the soil layers of 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm were investigated. The results showed that the number of < 1 mm particle-size aggregates in the scenic soil were gradually increased with the increase of tourism disturbance intensity, while the number of > 1 mm particle-size aggregates, soil aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) and mean geometric diameter (GMD) were gradually decreased. With the increase of tourism disturbance intensity, total organic carbon (TOC) in soil and all aggregates were gradually decreased. The decreasing degress of TOC in the soil layer of 0 - 20 cm soil and > 2 mm size aggregates was larger than that of 20 - 40 cm and < 0.5 mm size aggregates. The contribution rate of > 2 mm particle-size aggregates to SOC was gradually decreased, while that of < 1 mm particle-size aggregates gradually increased. In summary, tourism disturbance could significantly reduce the soil aggregates stability and SOC in the scenic spots, and damage soil quality. It was recommended that relevant departments should reasonably formulate tourism environmental capacity and improve tourists' environmental awareness, so as to reduce negative impacts.
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表 1 不同旅游干扰强度下土壤团聚体分布特征(%)
Table 1. Distribution of different aggregates in soils under different tourism disturbance intensities
土层
Soil layer干扰强度
Disturbance intensity土壤团聚体粒级
Soil aggregate size> 5 mm 2 ~ 5 mm 1 ~ 2 mm 0.5 ~ 1 mm 0.25 ~ 0.5 mm < 0.25 mm 0 ~ 20 cm 对照 CK 65.52 ± 2.25 Aa 20.02 ± 1.56 Ab 6.21 ± 0.11 Ac 4.15 ± 0.02 Ccd 3.02 ± 0.05 Cde 1.08 ± 0.03 Be 轻度干扰 LD 58.37 ± 2.02 Ba 17.75 ± 1.03 Bb 6.48 ± 0.15 Ac 6.85 ± 0.02 Cc 6.65 ± 0.03 Cc 3.90 ± 0.02 Bd 中度干扰 MD 43.65 ± 1.65 Ca 12.62 ± 1.22 Cb 6.24 ± 0.13 Ac 11.79 ± 0.06 Bb 13.85 ± 0.01 Bb 11.82 ± 0.02 Ab 重度干扰 SD 35.22 ± 2.06 Da 8.83 ± 1.56 De 5.65 ± 0.06 Bf 16.75 ± 0.04 Ac 20.96 ± 0.02 Ab 12.59 ± 0.05 Ad 20 ~ 40 cm 对照 CK 65.23 ± 2.13 Aa 21.15 ± 1.12 Ab 5.56 ± 0.23 Ac 3.88 ± 0.04 Ccd 3.06 ± 0.05 Dde 1.12 ± 0.02 Be 轻度干扰 LD 61.05 ± 2.01 Aa 19.62 ± 0.93 Ab 5.25 ± 0.18 Ac 6.02 ± 0.01 Cc 6.78 ± 0.02 Cc 1.28 ± 0.04 Bd 中度干扰 MD 48.75 ± 2.11 Ba 14.85 ± 0.85 Bb 5.13 ± 0.21 Ad 10.35 ± 0.03 Bc 13.52 ± 0.08 Bb 7.40 ± 0.08 Ad 重度干扰 SD 40.06 ± 1.96 Ca 11.06 ± 0.91 Bd 5.21 ± 0.09 Ae 15.73 ± 0.03 Ac 20.11 ± 0.11 Ab 7.83 ± 0.06 Ae 注:同行不同小写字母表示不同粒级团聚体含量达到显著差异水平(P < 0.05);同列不同大写字母表示不同处理在相同粒级团聚体含量达到显著差异水平(P < 0.05)。下同。 表 2 土壤团聚体组成与土壤结构稳定性及有机碳含量的相关性分析
Table 2. Correlation analysis of soil aggregate distribution with soil structure stability and organic carbon content
项目
Item土壤团聚体粒级
Soil aggregate size5 mm 2 ~ 5 mm 1 ~ 2 mm 0.5 ~ 1 mm 0.25 ~ 0.5 mm < 0.25 mm 平均重量直径(MWD) 0.883** 0.656* 0.425 −0.552* −0.686* −0.875** 几何平均直径(GMD) 0.891** 0.635* 0.433 −0.535* −0.675* −0.868** 有机碳(TOC) 0.921** 0.668* 0.412 −0.538* −0.669* −0.882** 注:*表示差异显著(P < 0.05),**表示差异极显著(P < 0.01)。 -
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