Abstract: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) has been widely used in the study of soil hydrological processes. It is crucial to fully understand the application and progress of ERT in soil hydrological processes. Based on statistical analysis and visualization tools, the CiteSpace was used and 717 papers from1992 to 2020 in Web of Science (SCIE) were analyzed to obtain literature visualization, including the national agency cooperation, author’s cited and clustered, keywords co-occurrence, literature cited and burst of Keywords co-occurrence analysis. Results showed that 2000—2010 was the prosperity of the ERT development period, and ERT development resulted in the research content from technology theory to technology application, the research object from the initial study of deep geological exploration to the vadose zone hydrology process extensions, dimensions from the point scale and large scale to the development of the mesoscale. ERT in the field of ecological hydrology, agriculture and geophysical applications tend to diversification. The research of soil hydrology process involves scientific problems, such as water absorption of crop roots, water redistribution by roots, rainfall infiltration, preferential flow, deep soil water, which provides a certain reference value for understanding the development trend of ERT.