鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基离子分布特征

于耀泓; 刘悦; 王艺颖; 周庆; 龙凤玲; 赵倩; 何茜; 莫其锋

doi:10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021122501

鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基离子分布特征

Distribution of Soil Cation Exchange Capacity and Exchangeable Based Cations in the E’huangzhang Montane Rain Forest

摘要

摘要:
目的探究广东阳春鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基离子的空间分布特征，了解该区域森林土壤的保肥能力及其影响因子。
方法以鹅凰嶂山地雨林内不同位置、不同土层土壤作为研究对象，分析土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基离子空间分布格局、剖面垂直分布规律。
结果鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤阳离子交换量5.46 ± 0.97 cmol(+) kg⁻¹，交换性阳离子呈现明显表聚现象；土壤交换性盐基总量在表层土（0 ~ 10 cm）中呈现阴坡 > 阳坡、下坡位 > 中坡位 > 上坡位的规律，土壤盐基离子含量基本呈现K⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Na⁺的趋势，且Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ < 1.6；土壤阳离子交换量、交换性盐基总量与土壤总有机碳含量呈极显著正相关。
结论鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤的保肥能力较差，且存在生理性缺钙的风险，阳坡尤为明显；同时存在土壤有机质稳定性不高导致阳离子交换量下降的潜在风险。

Abstract:
Objective This study aims to explore the spatial characteristics of soil exchange cation capacity (CEC) and exchangeable base cations, and understand the soil nutrient retention capacity and the influencing factors in the E’huangzhang montane rain forest.
Method The soils under different positions and different layers in the montane rain forest of E’huangzhang were sampled. The spatial distribution pattern and vertical distribution of soil CEC and exchangeable base cations were analyzed.
Result The average CEC content was only 5.46 ± 0.97 cmol(+) kg⁻¹. The soil total exchangeable base (TEB) in surface soil (0-10 cm) showed the ranking of shady slope > sunny slope, downslope > middle slope > upslope. The content of soil exchangeable based cations showed a trend of K⁺ > Mg^{2 +} > Ca^{2 +} > Na⁺, and Ca^{2 +}/Mg^{2 +} < 1.6, and the soil CEC and TEB were significantly positively correlated with soil TOC.
Conclusion The results suggests that there is a risk of physiological calcium deficiency in E’huangzhang montane rain forest soil, especially in sunny slope, and there exists the risk of instability of soil organic matter causing the decreasing soil CEC in this area.

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