Objective  In the context of a new round of institutional reform, we should improve the fertility of the existing cultivated land, ensure that the quality of cultivated land is not reduced, and protect the cultivated land planting conditions from damage.

  Method  Using the methods of field investigation, statistical analysis and comparative analysis, an in-depth analysis was carried on the construction and management effects of high standard farmland construction, cultivated land occupation and compensation balance and cultivated land damage identification in typical black soil areas of the three northeastern provinces from 2015 to 2019.

  Result  The construction and management system of cultivated land quality is not clear, and the vacuum of repeated construction and management exists at the same time. The evaluation standards of cultivated land quality are not unified, and the original land and agricultural departments hold their own opinions. The investment direction of cultivated land quality construction deviates from the goal of improving cultivated land productivity, and high-standard farmland construction projects are transformed into road construction and well drilling projects. The implementation of cultivated land quality protection policy has become more difficult, and the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation has encountered the bottleneck of resource endowment depletion. The law enforcement of cultivated land quality protection lacks the support of technical standards, and the implementation procedure of punishing cultivated land damage is not smooth.

  Conclusion  The post evaluation and supervision of cultivated land quality protection and construction effect should be strengthened. The evaluation standard of cultivated land quality and implement dynamic monitoring should be unified. The balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation should be optimized in order to realize the new balance mechanism of occupation and compensation in a certain region. Refine The rigid constraints on improving cultivated land fertility in cultivated land quality construction investment should be refined. The cultivated land damage appraisal institutions and issue corresponding appraisal standards should be established.